公交乘客失误行为下情绪状态的影响因素研究

Influencing Factors of the Emotional State of Bus Passengers under Self-mistake conditions

为提升公交运营安全水平,研究了公交乘客在自身失误行为下情绪状态的影响因素;提出了外部环境、任务压力、认知评估与个人情绪之间的假设关系,并基于假设关系对公交乘客展开问卷调查,建立了公交乘客失误行为下情绪状态的结构方程模型;通过因子分析和路径分析,验证了假设关系成立与否。结果表明:温和的外部环境、任务压力以及积极的认知评估能够有效地稳定公交乘客在失误行为发生后的个人情绪状态,其中认知评估对个人情绪的直接影响更为显著,任务压力和认知评估均对外部环境与个人情绪之间的影响关系具有中介作用。在外部环境方面,缓和的车内氛围对于避免乘客过激情绪的产生具有重要作用;在任务压力方面,充足的行程时间能够抑制乘客消极情绪的产生;在认知评估方面,加强对乘客的安全知识教育,有利于提高乘客的安全认知,使其保持情绪的稳定性。

In order to improve the safety level of bus operation,this paper studies the influencing factors of bus passengers' emotional state under their own mistakes.The paper puts forward the hypothetical relationships between external environment,task pressure,cognitive assessment and personal emotion.Based on the relationships,the paper conducts a questionnaire survey for bus passengers and establishes a structural equation model of emotional state of bus passengers under self-mistake conditions.Through factor analysis and path analysis,the paper verifies whether the hypothesis is established or not.The results show that the moderate external environment,mitigating task pressure and positive cognitive assessment can effectively stabilize the personal emotion of bus passengers after the occurrence of mistakes.The direct impact of cognitive assessment on personal emotion is more significant.Task pressure and cognitive assessment has a mediating effect on the relationship between the external environment and personal emotion.In terms of external environment,the tempered interior atmosphere plays an important role in avoiding the excessive emotion of passengers;in terms of task pressure,sufficient travel time can suppress the negative emotions of passengers;in the aspect of cognitive assessment,strengthening the safety knowledge education for passengers is conducive to improving the safety awareness of passengers and keeping their emotion stable.