管理和人因的安全干预对建筑工人不安全行为的影响研究

Impact of Management and Human Safety Intervention on Unsafe Behavior of Construction Workers

管理和人因的安全干预对建筑工人不安全行为的预防至关重要。在对建筑工人不安全行为的影响因素进行识别的基础上,制定了管理和人因的安全干预措施,进而对管理和人因的安全干预与建筑工人不安全行为的影响机理进行理论假设;基于理论假设,考虑项目级和班组级安全氛围、不安全行为的影响因素,从人因层面和管理层面对建筑工人不安全行为展开相关的干预试验,建立了管理安全干预和人因安全干预对建筑工人不安全行为影响的机理模型,并采用SPSS和Amos软件对模型进行了拟合和对比分析。结果表明:①管理安全干预和人因安全干预对项目级安全氛围的提升产生0.171和0.160的正向影响,但管理安全干预比人因安全干预的干预效果好;②管理安全干预实施后,项目级安全氛围的提升对建筑工人不安全行为的减少较为显著;③人因安全干预实施后,班组级安全氛围的提升对建筑工人不安全行为的减少较为显著。该研究成果可为建筑工人不安全行为的组合干预提供一定的理论指导。

Management safety intervention and human safety intervention are critical to preventing the unsafe behavior of construction workers.On the basis of identifying the influencing factors of unsafe behavior of construction workers,this paper formulates safety intervention measures for management and human factors,and then assumes the influence mechanism of management safety intervention,human safety intervention and unsafe behavior of construction workers.Based on theoretical assumptions,considering project-level and team-level safety climate,and influencing factors of unsafe behaviors,the paper carries out relevant intervention experiments on the unsafe behavior of construction workers at the human factor level and the management level,and establishes a mechanism model of the influence of management safety intervention and human safety intervention on the unsafe behavior of construction workers.The paper uses SPSS and Amos to fit and compare the model.The research results show that:①Management safety intervention and human safety intervention have a positive impact on the project-level safety atmosphere with a positive impact of 0.171 and 0.160,but the management safety intervention is better than the human safety intervention;②After the implementation of the management safety intervention,the improvement of the project-level safety atmosphere is more significant for the reduction of unsafe behaviors;③After the implementation of the human safety interventions,the improvement of the safety atmosphere at the team level is more significant for the reduction of unsafe behavior.The research results provide some theoretical guidance for the combination intervention of unsafe behavior of construction workers.