市场势力的获取与潜在福利损失——以我国制造业为例

The Obtaining of Market Power and Potential Welfare Losses——Take Chinese Manufacturing Industries as Example

本文利用新实证产业组织方法,首先估计了我国制造业整体和细分行业的市场势力溢价水平,结果表明,2002年至2007年之间,我国制造业整体的市场势力溢价水平大致为24.6%,同时,几乎全部的制造业行业都存在显著的市场势力,但不同行业的市场势力水平差异较大.其次,根据结构主义和效率主义的相关理论,本文分别将表示市场结构和成本效率的解释变量直接嵌入到市场势力的估计模型之中,以分别检验我国制造业市场集中度和成本效率对市场势力的影响.研究发现,市场集中度对我国制造业市场势力具有显著影响,而成本效率的影响并不显著,这可以在一定程度上说明2002年至2007年期间我国制造业市场势力主要取决于垄断的市场结构而非效率的提高.再次,行政垄断程度较高的行业有着更强的市场势力.另外,2002年至2007年期间我国制造业整体的市场势力呈现出下降的趋势.最后,本文估计了我国制造业因市场势力造成的潜在福利损失的范围,结果表明2002年至2007年期间我国制造业潜在福利损失大致为4.36万亿元,占销售收入的比重为8.59%.

This paper has applied New Empirical Industrial Organization to estimate the market power of Chinese manufacturing industries firstly,and it shows that the market power was 24.6% of Chinese manufacturing industries during 2002-2007.In addition,almost every manufacturing industry has significant market power,but the degree of market power was different.Secondly,this paper has embedded explaining variables meaning market structure and efficient into the market power estimation model,and it shows that the market power of Chinese manufacturing industries mainly came from monopolistic market structure during 2002-2007.Thirdly,industry with high degree of administrative monopoly also has high degree of market power.Moreover,market power has showed a reduction trend from 2002 to 2007.Finally,this paper has estimated the welfare losses of monopoly,it shows that the average welfare losses per year of Chinese manufacturing industries caused by market power accounting for sales revenue was 8.59% during 2002-2007.