装备制造业与高技术服务业融合发展对提升全要素生产率的影响

The Effect of Integration Development of Equipment Manufacturing Industry and High-tech Service Industry on Enhancing Total Factor Productivity

我国是装备制造大国,与高技术服务业融合发展是我国装备制造业实现转型升级、由大变强的必然途径。本文利用全局参比的DEA-Malmquist模型和耦合评价模型,采用2007-2016年的省级面板数据测算装备制造业全要素生产率水平及装备制造业与高技术服务业间的产业融合水平,并构建面板Tobit模型分析产业融合对装备制造业全要素生产率的影响。结果表明:我国装备制造业全要素生产率总体上不断上升,中西部地区的增长速度大于东部及东北地区;装备制造业与高技术服务业融合发展水平较低,总体上呈现“金字塔”型分布特点,区域上呈现自东向西递减的分布特点;装备制造业与高技术服务业融合发展主要通过制度变革和技术变革双重机制,对装备制造业的纯技术效率和技术水平产生正向影响,促进了装备制造业全要素生产率的提升;产业融合之初的全要素生产率增长效应主要来自于技术进步,随着装备制造业对新技术的消化、吸收、熟练以及两大产业间制度、管理水平上的深度融合,当期的技术进步效逐渐消退,纯技术效率增长成为全要素生产率增长的主要来源。

China is a big equipment manufacturing country.The integration development of equipment manufacturing industry and high-tech service industry is an inevitable way for China′s equipment manufacturing industry to achieve transformation and upgrading.Using DEA-Malmquist model and coupling evaluation model,this paper uses provincial panel data from 2007 to 2016 to measure the total factor productivity level of equipment manufacturing industry and the industrial integration level between equipment manufacturing industry and high-tech service industry,and constructs a panel Tobit model to analyze the impact of industrial integration on total factor productivity of equipment manufacturing industry.The results show that the total factor productivity of China′s equipment manufacturing industry is on the rise,and the growth rate of the central and western regions is faster than that of the eastern and northeastern regions;the level of integration development of equipment manufacturing industry and high-tech service industry is relatively low,showing the characteristics of “pyramid” distribution on the whole,and the characteristics of regional distribution decreasing from east to west;the integration development of equipment manufacturing industry and high-tech service industry has a positive impact on the pure technical efficiency and technical level of equipment manufacturing industry through the dual mechanism of institutional change and technological change,which promotes the upgrading of total factor productivity of equipment manufacturing industry;at the beginning of industrial integration,the growth effect of total factor productivity mainly comes from technological progress,and with the digestion,absorption and proficiency of new technology in equipment manufacturing industry,as well as the deep integration of system and management level between the two industries,the effect of technological progress in the current period has gradually faded,and the growth of pure technological efficiency has become the main source of total factor productivity growth.