小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的极化及在脑卒中修复中的作用

Polarization of microglia/macrophages and its role in ischemic stroke repair

传统上,小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞激活在缺血性脑卒中修复中被认为起有害作用。然而,越来越多的证据表明,小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞激活对于减轻脑缺血后神经细胞凋亡,促进神经发生和促进功能恢复至关重要。目前研究认为,炎症微环境会极大地影响小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的表型变化,从而使同一脑组织在受损的不同阶段具有不同的基因表达模式和生物功能。该文就小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞活化的机制及可能的潜在疗法进行综述。

Traditionally,microglia/macrophage activation is thought to be detrimental in ischemic stroke.However,there is increasing evidence that microglia/macrophage activation is essential for attenuating neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia,promoting neurogenesis and promoting functional recovery.Current research suggests that the inflammatory microenvironment greatly affects the phenotypic changes of microglia/macrophages,so that the same brain tissue has different gene expression patterns and biological functions at different stages of brain damage.This review provides a comprehensive review of the mechanisms of microglia/macrophage activation and the possible potential therapies.