启蒙辩证法——对启蒙精神的批判

Enlightenment Dialectics——Critique of the Enlightenment Spirit

霍克海默和阿多诺率先对启蒙进行了批判,成为西方马克思主义批判的先锋者和领军者,以历史和现实的双向角度对启蒙进行考察,从而质疑启蒙转向对发达工业社会极权主义性质的批判,从对启蒙的目标反思到对人现实困境的批判,从资本主义一体化进而到对资本主义自反性批判,霍克海默和阿多诺使启蒙的背反性在资本主义工业文明下的丑陋面孔暴露在大众面前,这是西方世界话语体系的核心所在。启蒙精神贯穿西方资本主义的发展也为中国现代化道路发展提供了历史借鉴。

Horkheimer and Adorno took the lead in criticizing the Enlightenment and became the pioneer and leader of the Western Marxist critique. They examined the enlightenment from the two-way perspective of history and reality, thus questioning the enlightenment turn to the totalitarian nature of developed industrial society. The critique was from the reflection of the goal of enlightenment to the critique of the real dilemma of man and from the integration of capitalism to the reflexive criticism of capitalism. Horkheimer and Adorno exposed the ugly face of enlightenment in the industrial civilization of capitalist society to the public. This is the core of the discourse system of the Western world. The enlightenment spirit runs through the development of Western capitalism and provides a historical reference for the development of Chinese modernization.