《儒林外史》“以剧为稗”写人特征探论

Discussion on the Creation Method of Novel Characters in the Method of Writing the Drama in The History of Confucian Scholars

根据现存文献史料可知,吴敬梓喜好观戏,并具有良好的戏剧修养,因而在《儒林外史》创作中,能够得心应手地将戏剧因素注入小说文本。他不仅在行文中运用了大量“戏文”“戏语”,而且还使得人物身态动作角色化,人物声容富有表演性,并通过各种丑角性的人物塑造创造出诙谐性强的戏剧性效果。在这种较为突出的“以剧为稗”手法作用下,《儒林外史》在写人方面达到了栩栩如生的传神境界。

According to the existing literature, we can know that Wu Jingzi enjoyed watching the drama and had a good drama cultivation. Therefore, he was able to add drama factors to the novel text handily. Not only did he use a lot of dramatic language in his writings, but he also made the poster and movement of the characters characterized, the language and appearance of the characters ornamental, and created a witty and dramatic effect through various harlequin characters. Because the author succeeded in using the method of drama to create the novel, The History of Confucian Scholars has reached a vivid realm in terms of creating characters.