护士主导式家庭健康计划对中早期乳腺癌患者术后家庭功能和生命质量的影响

Effect of a home-based, nurse-led health program on quality of life and family function for postoperative patients with early-stage breast cancer

目的探讨护士主导式家庭健康计划对中早期乳腺癌患者术后家庭功能和生命质量的影响。方法将2016年8月至2017年8月华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院收治的140例中早期乳腺癌患者按照随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组,对照组给予常规健康教育,干预组在对照组基础上接受护士主导式家庭健康计划。干预6个月后,采用家庭亲密度和适应性量表评价患者家庭功能,乳腺癌患者生命质量测定量表评价患者生命质量。结果140例患者中有13例退出研究,最终干预组65例,对照组62例。干预6个月,干预组亲密度、适应性分别为(71.52±8.76)、(52.09±5.97)分,对照组分别为(65.90±7.72)、(46.59±6.98)分,差异有统计学意义(t=3.838、4.786,P<0.01)。干预3、6个月后干预组社会/家庭状况评分和总分分别为(16.75±3.28)、(17.90±4.05)分和(90.39±9.07)、(96.38±8.86)分,对照组分别为(15.43±2.51)、(15.02±4.02)分和(85.93±8.57)、(86.19±9.81)分,差异有统计学意义(t=2.531~6.151,P<0.05或0.01)。干预6个月后干预组情感状况、功能状况、乳腺癌附加模块评分分别为(17.60±3.32)、(14.69±3.85)、(25.32±4.70)分,对照组分别为(15.37±3.28)、(12.89±4.00)、(22.48±3.94)分,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=3.805、2.574、3.681,P<0.01或0.05)。结论护士主导式家庭健康计划可以明显提高中早期乳腺癌患者术后家庭功能和生命质量。

Objective To explore the effect of a home-based, nurse-led health program on quality of life and family function for postoperative patients with early-stage breast cancer. Methods A total of 140 early-stage breast cancer patients, from Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology between August 2016 and August 2017, were divided into intervention group and control group by random digits table method. Patients in control group only received conventional nursing education. Patients in intervention group received an individual home-based, nurse-led health program, in addition to conventional nursing education. After six months of intervention, the family function was assessed by using Familiy Adaptability and Cohesion Scale, quality of life was assessed by using Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for Breast Cancer. Results In this study,13 patients were excluded in 140 patients, 65 cases in intervention group and 62 cases in control group. After six months of intervention, cohesion and adaptability scores in intervention group were (71.52±8.76),(52.09±5.97), respectively. Cohesion and adaptability scores in control group were (65.90±7.72),(46.59±6.98), the difference was statistically significant (t=3.838, 4.786, P<0.05). After three and six months of intervention, social/familial and total scores in intervention group were (16.75±3.28),(17.90±4.05) and (90.39±9.07),(96.38±8.86), respectively. While cohesion and adaptability scores in control group were (15.43±2.51),(15.02±4.02) and (85.93±8.57),(86.19±9.81), the scores mentioned above in intervention group were markedly higher than in control group, the difference was statistically significant (t=2.531-6.151, 4.786, P<0.05 or 0.01). In addition, after six months of intervention, emotional (17.60±3.32), functional (14.69±3.85), breast cancer (25.32±4.70) scores were also higher than in control group (15.37±3.28),(12.89±4.00),(22.48±3.94), the difference was statistically significant (t=3.805, 2.574,3.681, P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions A home-based, nurse-led health promotion program improves the quality of life and family function in postoperative patients with early-stage breast cancer.