采用吸光光度法测试彩绘文物颜料中蛋白质类胶结材料的研究

Study on determination of proteinaceous binder in pigments of colored relics by absorption spectrophotometry

为了鉴别彩绘文物颜料中的胶结材料,研究中首次基于双缩脲反应并采用吸光光度法测定了蛋白质类胶结材料的存在与含量。以明胶为标准样品,建立浓度与吸光度之间的标准曲线,在0.20%到0.01%浓度范围内明胶蛋白质浓度与吸光度之间呈正比,线性关系良好。测试了盐宗庙彩绘中不同颜料的蛋白质类胶结材料含量,其中绿色颜料蛋白质含量为0.058 9μg/mg,白色地仗蛋白质含量为0.007 9μg/mg,蓝色颜料蛋白质含量为0.261 4μg/mg,并且双缩脲法测定结果与酶联免疫分析结果一致。研究结果表明:基于双缩脲反应的吸光光度法不仅能够快速地测定彩绘颜料中蛋白质类胶结材料,而且具有较高的灵敏度。

In order to identify the binder materials in pigments of colored relics,the existence and content of proteinaceous binder materials were determined by absorption spectrophotometry based on biuret reaction for the first time. Using gelatin as standard sample,the standard curve between concentration and absorbance was established. In the range of 0.20% to 0.01%,the concentration of gelatin protein was proportional to the absorbance,and the linear relationship was good. The content of proteinaceous binder in colored relics of Yan Zong Miao was tested and found that the content of protein in green pigment was 0.058 9 μg/mg,the content of protein in white pigment was 0.007 9 μg/mg,and the content of protein in blue pigment was 0.261 4 μg/mg. The test results of biuret assay were consistent with those of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The research results showed that absorption spectrophotometry based on biuret reaction could not only rapidly determine the proteinaceous binder in colored relic samples,but also had higher sensitivity.