何谓技术工具论:含义与分类

Instrumentalism of technology: meaning and classification

文章尝试给“技术工具论”以更清晰表述。首先依照技术与人、价值、使用目的等的关系而整理其三个要点:人控制技术、技术价值中性与技术不应被归责;而后讨论学者们对“价值中性”概念理解的分歧:是否容许意图外价值后果;再后,通过给含糊的“控制”“人”等概念以更明确涵义,从三个维度对工具论进行分类:理想 vs.温和工具论;个体 vs.阶级 vs.抽象工具论;现实 vs.可能工具论。

The paper tentatively clarifies instrumentalism of technology by discussing its three main constituents-the human dominion over technologies,the value - neutrality of technologies,and the moral unaccountability of technologies. And in so doing,the paper shows the disagreements among scholars on the meaning of such critical concepts as“value - neutrality”. Moreover,after clarifying vague concepts like“dominion”and“human”,it adumbrates a classification system for possible versions of instrumentalism-ideal vs. moderate instrumentalism;individual vs. class vs. abstract instrumentalism;actual vs. potential instrumentalism.