基于切花应用的观赏海棠品种评价与筛选

Cultivar evaluation and selection in ornamental crabapple for cut flower application

【目的】发掘观赏海棠切花应用价值,促进相关产业的发展。【方法】运用层次分析法(AHP)对74个观赏海棠品种与1种的切花应用价值进行了综合评价,并通过绘制频率直方分布图进行切花品质性状稀缺性分析。【结果】花色、花型、着花密度、花径、瓶插寿命及开花率为海棠切花综合评价主要权重指标;而重瓣、浓香、枝型优美为最稀缺的性状表现,可作为品种特异性判断依据。‘玛丽波特’、‘唐纳德’、湖北海棠等14个品种/种综合得分排序列前20%,为优良的观赏海棠切花品种/种,且其中‘当娜’、‘凯尔斯’、‘俏佳人’等6个品种还具有稀缺性状。此外,‘俏佳人’、‘芙蓉’、‘大卫’综合分值略低,但其个别性状表现突出,单列为观赏海棠特异品种。【结论】切花的综合应用价值是品种评价的基础,此外还应对特异性状有所考量,以提高评价结果的全面性。

【Objective】This study was performed to explore the value of a cut flower application of ornamental crabapples and promote the development of this niche industry.【Method】The application value of the cut flowers of 75 ornamental crabapple trees was evaluated using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP). Cut flower quality traits were analyzed by drawing the frequency distributions.【Result】 Flower color, pattern, density, diameter, vase life and flowering rate were the main factors incorporated into this comprehensive evaluation of crabapple cultivars for cut flowers. A double flower, strong aroma and beautiful spray were the scarcest traits. These can provide a basis for ranking of cultivars. Forteen cultivars/species, including ‘Mary Potter’‘Donald Wyman’ and hupehensis were ranked in the top 20%. They were selected as excellent crabapple variants for cut flowers. Among these, six cultivars, including ‘Donald Wyman’‘Kelsey’ and ‘Bride’ had scarce traits. In addition, although the comprehensive scores for ‘Bride’‘Furong’ and ‘David’ were slightly lower, some single traits performed prominently. These were selected as the specific cut flower crabapples.【Conclusion】Comprehensive application value of cut flowers was used as the basis for cultivar evaluation. The specificity of a trait should also be taken into account in evaluating the application value of cut flowers, to enhance the comprehensiveness of the evaluation results.