“以房抢人”提高了城市创新能力吗

Do Housing Policies of “Robbing People” Improve Urban Innovation Capabilities?

本文试图从新政治经济学和区域导向型政策的视角重新审视住房政策对城市的影响。利用计量文本法和遗传匹配-DID等方法对中国70个大中城市2001-2016年"以房引人"政策的城市创新效果进行检验。整体上"以房抢人"对城市创新能力有显著的正向作用,且实行该政策的城市与未实行该政策的城市在创新能力上差距逐渐拉大;"以房引人"政策通过提高人力资本水平和调整产业结构促进城市创新能力;政策作用力度越强对东部城市创新能力促进效果越显著,而对东北地区作用不显著,甚至存在负效应。为此,必须重新思考"以房抢人"和城市创新之间的关系,先关注人口流动规模,再考虑提高区域人口质量,更加关注高质量人才迁移决策和偏好,形成城市创新优势。

Housing policies and urban innovation issues need to be re-examined, although policy instruments that attract talent through housing preferences are used on a large scale. Based on the data of 70 large and medium-sized cities in China from 2001 to 2016, this paper attempts to verify the impact of"robbing people with housing policy"on urban innovation from the perspective of new political economy and place-based policy. Using the metrology text method and the genetic matching-DID method to test the urban innovation effect of the"robbing people with housing policy", the model results show that": robbing people with housing policy"has a significant positive effect on urban innovation ability, which promotes the ability of urban innovation by improving the level of human capital and adjusting the industrial structure. The strength of the policy is different, and the effects on different regions are different. This paper believes that we must rethink the relationship between"robbing people with housing policy"and urban innovation,pay more attention to high-quality talent migration decisions and preferences, and form urban innovation advantages.