大鳞副泥鳅5个野生群体的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Five Wild Paramisgurnus dabryanus Populations

利用微卫星分子标记分析了天津地区于桥水库、大黄堡湿地、七里海湿地、团泊水库和潮白新河5个野生大鳞副泥鳅群体的遗传多样性。5个群体在12个微卫星位点共检测到98个等位基因,平均等位基因数为8.500;有效等位基因数为2.713;平均观测杂合度为0.526;平均期望杂合度为0.544。5个群体间的遗传分化指数介于0.021~0.106之间,平均遗传分化指数为0.059,属中低水平的遗传分化。AMOVA分析结果显示,在总的变异中,94.1%的遗传变异来自群体内,5.90%的遗传变异来自于群体间。根据Nei’s遗传距离所绘制的系统树显示,于桥水库、团泊水库、七里海湿地和大黄堡湿地4个群体的遗传距离相对较小聚为一支,潮白新河群体单独为一支。遗传瓶颈效应分析表明,该5个群体近期未经受遗传瓶颈效应,处于突变-漂移平衡。总体来看,天津地区5个野生大鳞副泥鳅群体的遗传多样性较高,可作为品种选育的基础群体。

The genetic diversity of five wild Paramisgurnus dabryanus populations from Yuqiao Reservoir,Dahuangpu Wetland,Qilihai Wetland,Tuanbo Reservoir and New Chaobai River in Tianjin were analyzed using microsatellite markers.A total of 98 alleles were detected in the five populations.The average number of alleles was 8.500,the number of effective alleles was 2.713,the average values of observed heterozygosity was 0.526,and the average values of expected heterozygosity was 0.544.Genetic differentiation indexes(Fst)were between0.021~0.106,and the average Fst value was 0.059,which indicated that the genetic differentiation were at a medium low level.AMOVA analysis showed that the genetic variation was 94.1%within populations while it was 5.90%among populations.The results of the dendrogram based on Nei's genetic distance showed that Yuqiao Reservoir,Tuanbo Reservoir,Dahuangpu Wetland and Qilihai Wetland populations were clustered into one clade due to relatively closer genetic distances,while New Chaobai River population was separated into another group.The genetic bottleneck analysis revealed that the five populations didn't experience a bottleneck effect in recent years and were in mutation-drift equilibrium.On the whole,the genetic diversity of the five wild P.dabryanus populations in Tianjin is relatively high,which can be used as the base group for breeding.