微藻淀粉代谢研究进展

Research Progress of Starch Metabolism in Microalgae

近200年来,化石燃料的大量燃烧导致过量的CO2被排放到空气中,造成全球气候变暖。这种环境问题引起了人类的关注深思,因此,开发一种新型的、可持续利用的能源已经迫在眉睫。相对于其它绿色能源,研究者认为微藻不仅能通过光合自养将CO2转变为有机质,而且还不占用农业土地,具有很好的发展前景。本综述介绍了微藻淀粉的国内外研究现状,淀粉的生物合成机制,提高淀粉积累的方法以及在分子层面上了解合成淀粉的代谢通路和调控基因,以便获得大量的淀粉来生产生物乙醇,给人类提供新能源。

Over the last 200 years,the mass burning of fossil fuels has caused excessive carbon dioxide releasing into the atmosphere,resulting in the global warming.This environmental problem has aroused people's concern,and it is urgent to exploit a new kind of sustainable energy.Comparing with other green energy,researchers believe that microalgae can not only convert CO2 into organics through photosynthesis,and it doesn't occupy agricultural lands,which has a good development prospect.This review introduced the domestic and foreign research of microalgae starch,starch biosynthesis metabolism,the methods to improve starch accumulating,as well as at the molecular level knowing the metabolism pathway of starch synthesis and regulatory genes,in order to gain lots of starch to produce bioethanol,providing new energy to human.