DNA测序鉴定非结核分枝杆菌的研究进展

Research progress on the identification of nontuberculous Mycobacteria by DNA sequence

非结核分枝杆菌(NTM)感染的患者数量逐年增加,同时,NTM新的亚种不断被发现,这导致其检测鉴定难度也随之增加。迄今发现的菌种已有160余种,而传统检测方法(培养基培养后辅以生化试验)不能准确、及时地为临床诊断提供参考。随着分子生物学技术的迅速发展,利用NTM同源DNA序列中的特异性(如16S核糖体DNA、核糖体蛋白S1、转录间区序列1、热休克蛋白65、rpo B等)可以快速鉴定菌种。使用DNA序列进化树聚类分析或DNA序列数据库比对,能够快速、准确鉴定NTM。单一的分子标识技术对NTM的鉴定不能达到种及亚种水平,采用多重的分子标识组合技术能在一定程度上完善单一分子标识鉴定菌种的不足之处,因此,可提高菌种鉴定水平的多重分子标识技术值得构建。

The number of patients with nontuberculous Mycobacteria(NTM)infection increased year by year.Meanwhile,new subspecies of NTM were continuously discovered,which led to the increased difficulty in detection and identification.So far,more than 160 species have been discovered.Traditional methods of testing(supplemented with biochemical tests)can not provide accurate and timely reference for clinical diagnosis.With the rapid development of molecular biology techniques,the specificity of NTM homologous DNA sequences(such as 16 S rDNA,rps A,ITS-1,heat shock protein 65,rpo B,etc.)can be used to rapidly identify bacterial species.Using DNA sequence evolutionary tree clustering analysis or DNA sequence database comparison can rapid and accurate identification of NTM.The identification of NTM by single molecular marker technology can′t reach the level of species or subspeciesl,and the application of multiple molecular combination technology can improve the shortcomings of single molecular marker identification to some extent.Therefore,it is worthwhile to construct multiple molecular identification techniques that can improve the level of strain identification.