恩格斯历史合力论思想及当代价值——基于恩格斯晚年历史唯物主义书信的思考

Engels’ Theory of Historical Resultant Forces and Its Contemporary Value——Reflections on Engels’ historical Materialism Letters in His Later Years

19世纪末,唯物史观遭到来自资产阶级学者和“青年派”的歪曲,恩格斯晚年通过一系列书信,捍卫了历史唯物主义,并且提出了著名的历史合力论思想,形象地以“力的平行四边形”对历史合力进行系统论述,一方面继续坚持经济因素对社会历史发展的根本决定性作用,另一方面充分肯定了其他非经济因素也具有推动历史发展的关键作用,并且明确指出了个人意志对历史发展的贡献,充分肯定了人在历史发展中的主体地位。历史合力思想对当前我国经济社会发展的实践具有重要指导作用,在新时代,我们要继续尊重人民的主体地位,坚持以经济建设为中心,统筹推进五位一体建设,为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标不断努力。

At the end of the nineteenth century,historical materialism was distorted by bourgeois scholars and the“youth school”.In his later years,Engels defended historical materialism through a series of materialist letters,and put forward the well-known theory of historical resultant force.He systematically expounded the resultant force of history in the form of“parallelogram of force”.On the one hand,he insisted that economy is the decisive factor for social and historical development.On the other hand,it fully affirms that other non-economic factors also play a key role in promoting the development of history.It clearly points out the contribution of personal will to the development of history and fully affirms the dominant position of human beings in the development of history.The thought of historical resultant force plays an important guiding role in the practice of current economic and social development in China.In the new era,we should insist on respecting for the people’s subjective status,adhere to the economic construction as the center,promote the construction of“Five-point Strategy”as a whole,and strive continuously to achieve the goal of“two hundred years”.