城市居民交通补贴对通勤负担的影响研究——基于天津市微观问卷调查

Impact of Traffic Subsidies on Commuting Burden of Urban Residents: Based on Tianjin Micro-questionnaire

基于2015—2016年天津市居民交通与住房状况调查问卷数据,构建通勤负担模型,比较分析交通补贴对不同社会群体通勤负担影响的差异。结果表明:通勤成本相对较高的群体有更高的概率获得交通补贴,且补贴数额较多;男性、高学历、已婚、公共部门工作特征的群体获得交通补贴数额较多,通勤负担较低;时间成本将使通勤负担翻倍,公共交通出行在时间上加剧通勤负担;交通补贴对低收入群体通勤负担降低更明显。提出确保公共交通优先发展、优化公共交通布局、政府及企业完善补贴机制建设等政策建议。

Based on the data of Tianjin Transportation and Housing Status Questionnaire from 2015 to 2016,a commuting burden model was constructed to compare and analyze the impact of transportation subsidies on commuting burden of different social groups.Results show that groups with relatively high commuting costs are more likely to receive transportation subsidies,and the amount of subsidy is more;groups with male,highly educated,married and public sector working characteristics are more likely to receive transportation subsidies,and the commuting burden is lower;time cost will double the commuting burden,and public transportation will increase the commuting burden in terms of time,transportation subsidy is lower.The reduction of commuting burden is more evident for income groups.Based on this,some policy suggestions are put forward such as ensuring the priority development of public transport,optimizing the layout of public transport,improving the subsidy mechanism construction of government and enterprises.