高性能低烟无卤聚烯烃电缆护套料的开发

Development of High Performance Low Smoke Halogen-Free Polyolefin Cable Sheath

采用密炼机熔融混炼,制备ATH/MDH/POE/EVA/PE低烟无卤复合材料,对材料的力学及燃烧性能进行研究。发现通过化学合成后沉淀分级要比经矿石摩擦分级的氢氧化铝(ATH)、氢氧化镁(MDH)粉体的力学性能优异,三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)与ATH及MDH复配,拉伸强度与断裂伸长率都呈现降低趋势;锥形量热测试表明,与添加ATH的样品相比,添加MDH的样品燃烧过程中热释放速率峰值要小,燃烧过程中热量释放缓慢,产烟量小,MCA与MDH复配使用的样品热释放速率峰值变大,燃烧过程中热量释放相比未添加MCA的样品要迅速;与含磷协效阻燃剂复配后的配方体系热释放速率峰值要比B1级电缆护套料标样小,热释放速率均值降低至34.4 kW/m^2,整个燃烧过程热量释放更缓慢,炭层比标样牢固,且配方力学性能符合标准使用要求。

ATH/MDH/POE/EVA/PE low-smoke halogen-free composite materials were prepared by melting and mixing in a mixer,and the mechanical and combustion properties were studied.It is found that the mechanical properties of ATH and MDH powders graded by precipitation are better than those graded by ore friction,and the combination of melamine cyan uric acid salt(MCA)with ATH or MDH shows a decreasing trend in tensile strength and elongation at break;cone calorimeter test results show that compared with the samples added ATH,the sample added MDH has smaller heat release rate peak,less smoke production in the whole process of combustion.It is also found that compared with the samples added MDH,the sample added MCA and MDH has bigger heat release rate peak;furthermore,the optimized formula sample mixed with synergistic flame-retardants has smaller heat release rate peak in contrast to level B1 specimen,and the average heat release rate is reduced to 34.4 kW/m^2,and it is also shown that the carbon layer is stronger than the level B1 specimen,and the mechanical properties of the optimized formula sample meet the standard requirements.