不同光强对胡椒扦插苗光合作用和抽穗的影响

Effects of Different Light Intensities on Photosynthesis and Flowering of Pepper Cutting Seedlings

随着作物设施栽培技术的发展,遮荫与补光栽培成为提高作物产量与品质的重要手段。本研究以胡椒扦插苗为材料,采用室内营养液浇灌法培养,研究不同光照强度环境对胡椒扦插苗抽穗生理过程的影响。结果表明:在135μmol/(m^2·s)光强环境下胡椒叶片的光合速率相对较低,植株同化的生物量较少,花芽抽生少,叶片厚且单叶面积较大;270μmol/(m^2·s)光强环境下,胡椒的光合速率维持较高水平;405μmol/(m^2·s)光照强度下,胡椒扦插苗成熟叶片中可溶性糖、蔗糖、淀粉等糖类物质含量与赤霉素水平较高,叶片抽生数多,净增生物量最大,胡椒成花数多;540μmol/(m^2·s)光照环境下,胡椒扦插苗生长发育受到轻微抑制;相关性分析表明可溶性糖、果糖、GA3含量与胡椒抽穗量成显著相关。此次研究结果表明:胡椒扦插苗在405μmol/(m^2·s)光强环境下糖类物质含量与赤霉素水平相对较高,最有利于胡椒多抽穗。本研究可以为我国胡椒控光栽培技术的改进提供理论参考。

With the development of crop facility cultivation technology, shading and supplementary light cultivation become important means to improve crop yield and quality. The effect of light intensity on the physiology and biochemistry of pepper cutting seedlings was studied under different light intensity environment. The photosynthetic rate of pepper plants was relatively low, the biomass of plant assimilation was less, the flower bud extraction was less, the leaves were thick and the single leaf area was larger under the light intensity of 135 μmol/(m^2·s). The photosynthetic rate of pepper maintained a high level under the light intensity of 270 μmol/(m^2·s). The soluble sugar, sucrose, starch and other sugars in the leaves of pepper cuttings, gibberellin were higher, the number of leaves was higher, the net increase biomass was the largest, and the number of flowers was higher in the pepper cuttings under the light intensity of405 μmol/(m^2·s). The growth and development of the pepper cuttings were slightly inhibited under 540 μmol/(m^2·s).Correlation analysis showed that soluble sugar, fructose and GA3 were significantly correlated with pepper flower quantity. The results showed that the content of carbohydrate and gibberellin in pepper cuttings was relatively high under the light intensity of 405 μmol/(m^2·s), which was the most favorable for pepper flower formation. So this study could provide theoretical references for the improvement of pepper controlled light cultivation technology in China.