切花菊‘白扇’开放式组培快繁体系的建立

An Open in vitro Culture System for Rapid Propagation of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum cv Iwanohakusen

以切花菊‘白扇’的带腋芽茎段为外植体,以次氯酸钠为表面消毒剂,确定最佳的消毒浓度及消毒时间;以山梨酸钾、次氯酸钠和代森锰锌为抑菌剂,确定开放式初代、继代和生根培养基中抑菌剂的最佳组合,建立开放式组培快繁体系。试验结果表明:外植体最佳消毒条件为0.1%(V/V)次氯酸钠消毒15min;在初代培养基中,抑菌剂最佳组合为50 mg/L代森锰锌、0.01%(V/V)次氯酸钠和5 mg/L山梨酸钾,该组合的污染率较低,为36.7%。开放式培养中芽的生长情况、诱导率均无显著差异;在继代增殖和生根培养阶段,抑菌剂的最佳组合为40 mg/L代森锰锌、0.01%(V/V)次氯酸钠和5 mg/L山梨酸钾,芽的增殖系数和生根率较高,分别为5.93%、80.0%,芽生长良好,与常规组培无明显差异。

An open in vitro culture system was established for the rapid propagation of cut flower Chrysanthemum ‘Iwanohakusen’, in which the best explant surface sterilization agent and the best microorganism growth inhibiting agents were screened out. The best explant surface sterilization was obtained by gently shaking the explants in 0.1%(V/V) of sodium hypochlorite for 15 min. The best result for inhibiting the growth of microorganisms in the primary culture stage was achieved by adding 50 mg/L of mancozeb, 0.1%(V/V) of sodium hypochlorite and 5 mg/L of potassium sorbate, into the medium, and under the condition the contamination rate was as low as 36.7%. There was no significant differences in the induction and the growth rates of the adventitious buds between the traditional tissue culture system and the open culture system. The best combination of the microorganism growth inhibiting agents was 40 mg/L of mancozeb, 0.1%(V/V) sodium hypochlorite and 5 mg/L of potassium sorbate at the stages of subculture and the rooting in the open system, and a high bud multiplication efficiency of 5.93% and a rooting rate of 80.0% were achieved at the condition, without any significant difference in bud growth compared to the conventional tissue culture system.