近二十年国外学术职业流动问题研究演进——基于CiteSpace的科学知识图谱分析

The Evolution of the Overseas Research on Academic Professional Mobility in Recent 20 Years: Analysis of Scientific Knowledge Map Based on CiteSpace

学术人才流动近来备受各界关注。以Web of Science数据库收录的文献为基础,应用CiteSpace分析工具,对国际上近20年学术职业流动问题研究演进进行定量分析。研究发现,相关学术论文产出数量分为1997-2000年、2001-2007年、2008-2016年三个明显阶段;研究力量主要分布于北美洲和欧洲;布迪厄、阿特巴赫、马金森等是早期代表性学者,近年来的代表人物有克拉克、福克斯等人;由共被引文献分析可知,已有研究分为学术职业流动与科研生产力、学术职业流动与青年科学家、学术职业流动与多语种发表、大学排名与学术职业流动、研究型大学与学术职业流动等五大文献群组;早期的研究更加关注学术职业流动与产出绩效,2006年以后主要关注学术职业流动与国际合作,2010-2014年较多关注学术职业流动中的性别、政策与管理、地域流动等,近几年研究热点转移至学术职业流动满意度、职业发展等方面。

The mobility of academic professional is becoming increasingly frequent nowadays,and consequently research about this phenomenon is greatly boosted.Based on data from Web of Science,this article uses literature method to analyse publication in recent 20 years on this issue by means of CiteSpace.The result shows that,firstly,the amount of relevant research can be divided into 3 stages:1997-2000,2001-2007,and 2008-2016;and most research articles were published in North America and Europe.Secondly,early representative researchers in this area are Bourdieu,Altbach,Marginson and others,whereas more recent ones are Clark,Fox and so on.Thirdly,there are 5 core research areas:academic professional mobility&research productivity,academic professional mobility&young scientist,academic professional mobility&multilingual publishing,academic professional mobility&university ranking and academic professional mobility&research universities.Finally,research hot spot has switched from research productivity in early years,international collaboration since 2006,gender,management and region during 2010-2014,to more humanistic aspects such as satisfaction,career development and human right in recent years.