听障儿童二声双字调的声学特征研究

The Acoustic Characteristics Study of Bisyllable Tone with the Second Tone at Children with Hearing Impairments

目的通过研究听障儿童二声调的声学参数特征,了解二声双字调7种组合形式的难易程度和错误类型。方法选择健听儿童和听障儿童各30名,分别跟读14个二声双字调测试词并录音,采用praat语音分析软件对录音进行声学分析,统计正确率,分析二声双字调7种组合形式的难易梯度和错误类型。结果健听儿童发声正确率为99.29%,听障儿童正确率为88.3%,健听儿童二声双字调发声能力明显高于听障儿童。听力情况对二声双字调的发声正确率具有显著影响(F=21.775,P<0.01),年龄对二声双字调的发声正确率没有显著影响(F=0.610,P>0.05)。从基频曲线分析,听障儿童二声双字调7种组合形式中,二声+一声组合正确率最低,其次为二声+四声组合,以二声结尾的组合形式正确率相对二声开头的组合高,且双字调中二声最容易发成三声,其次为一声,少部分发成四声,与健听儿童表现出相同的难度顺序。结论3~5岁听障儿童的二声双字调发声能力落后于健听儿童,在二声调的语训中可将二声调开头的词语放在后期学习。

Objective By studying the acoustic characteristics of the second tone of hearing-impaired children,it is possible to understand the difficult gradient and the wrong type of the seven combination forms in bisyllable words.Methods Health care to listen to children and hearing impaired children respectively with 14 second tone test word and recording,with Praat speech analysis software for recording acoustic analysis,analysis seven kinds of combinations.Result The accuracy rate of hearing children’s voice was 99.29%,and the accuracy of hearing-impaired children was 88.3%,The articulation ability of normal hearing children was significantly better than that of hearing-impaired children.The impact of hearing on sound accuracy of the second tone was significant(F=21.775,P<0.01),and impact of age on the accuracy rate of the second tone was not significant(F=0.610,P>0.05).Based on the fundamental frequency curve analysis among seven kinds of combinations of hearing-impaired children,the lowest accuracy rate was minimum 2+1 combination,followed by 2+4 tones combination,ended 2 combination,and at the beginning two combination.The second tone was the most likely to make the third sound,and then first tone and some were fourth tone,which was the same as the difficulty of listening to children.Conclusions The second-tone articulation ability of hearing-impaired children aged 3-5 years is significantly behind the children with normal hearing.The words beginning with the second tone can be arranged in the later stage during the speech therapy.