社会工作实践知识的意涵与发展路径——兼论反映实践取向行动研究路数

The Significance and Development Path of the Social Work Praxis Knowledge and the Approach of Action Research of Reflection Praxis Orientation

对社会工作实践知识的认识要从“实践”一词开始,“实践”有praxis与practice两种截然不同的传统。当前社会工作领域的“实践”多取用practice一词。通过对praxis与practice的比较,发现与社会工作本质相对应的应为praxis,而非practice。返回praxis传统,更清晰社会工作实践知识的本质,即实践知识是具有历史性和主体性的实践者在探究社会改变的过程中,并同步对其自身的实践经验进行反映的历程中生成的知识;实践知识具有社会正义与社会改变的价值取向,并遵循反映理性的方法论。此一反映实践取向行动研究是发展社会工作实践者及实践知识的可行路径。

The understanding of social work praxis knowledge should start from the word“实践”,which has two distinct traditions:praxis and practice.The main current“实践”in the field of the social work today mainly adopts“practice”.Arguing the difference between praxis and practice,it is found that the corresponding nature of social work should be praxis,not practice.Returning to the praxis tradition,it is clearer that the essence of social work is that of a practical knowledge.Thus generated,the knowledge of praxis has the value orientation of social justice and social change,and follows the methodology of reflection rationality.This action research,which reflects the praxis orientation,is a feasible path for developing social work practitioners and their Praxis knowledge.