社会工作与城市经济社会发展

Social Work and Social Economic Development in Cities

基于《中国城市统计年鉴2017》等数据资料,本文以经济社会发展需要为关键自变量,通过负二项式回归模型,分析社会经济环境因素对城市开设社会工作专业的高校数量的影响。结果发现,我国地级市的高校开设社会工作专业(本科/硕士)共计344所,其中314所开设社会工作专业本科,147所开设社会工作专业硕士,同时开设社会工作专业本科和硕士的院校共117所。这些院校集中分布在北京等直辖市和广州、南京等省会城市,集聚效应明显;年平均人口越多、经济越发达的城市,社工高校数量也越多,但失业率越高的城市,开设社会工作专业的院校数量越少。这表明,社工高校分布总体上符合城市经济发展的需要,但与社会服务需求有些脱节。

Based on the data in China City Statistical Yearbook 2017 and the like,this paper utilizes the Negative Binomial regression model to analyze the impact of social economic environment on the number of universities offering at least a degree in social work.As a result,there are 344 institutions offering social work(undergraduate/master)at the prefecture-level cities of China.The results present an obvious geographical accumulative effect,namely,most of the universities that provide the social education are located in independent municipalities(e.g.Beijing)and provincial capitals(e.g.Guangzhou and Nanjing).The distribution of such universities meets the demand of economic development generally,however,it does not match the needs of social services to some extent.