留守经历对大学生心理韧性和负性情绪的影响

The influence of left-behind experience on mental resilience and negative emotions in college students

目的探讨留守经历对大学生心理韧性和负性情绪的影响。方法采用心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)、儿童青少年心理韧性量表(RSCA)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS),对456名在校大学生进行评定,比较有无留守经历大学生的心理韧性、抑郁、焦虑情绪的差异,并分析心理韧性与负性情绪的关系。结果无留守经历大学生CD-RISC总分及忍受消极情绪、接受变化、控制因子分均高于有留守经历大学生(P<0.05);无留守经历大学生RSCA总分及目标专注、积极认知、家庭支持、人际协助维度评分均高于有留守经历大学生(P<0.05)。无留守经历大学生SDS、SAS总分均低于有留守经历大学生(P<0.05)。有留守经历女大学生CD-RISC总分及忍受消极情绪、接受变化因子分和RSCA总分及目标专注、家庭支持维度评分均低于无留守经历女大学生得分(P<0.05),有留守经历女大学生SDS总分高于无留守经历女大学生得分(P<0.05)。有留守经历男大学生RSCA总分及目标专注、人际协助维度均低于无留守经历者(P<0.05),有留守经历男大学生SDS总分高于无留守经历男大学生(P<0.05)。相关分析结果显示CD-RISC、RSCA总分及各因子分与SDS、SAS总分均呈负相关(P<0.01)。结论留守经历对大学生心理韧性水平和情绪产生不良影响,有留守经历大学生心理韧性水平较低,抑郁、焦虑等负性情绪较强烈;心理韧性与负性情绪呈显著负相关。

Objective To study the influence of left-behind experience on mental resilience and negative emotions in college students.Methods A total of 456 college students were selected and assessed with Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC),Resilience Scales for Children and Adolescents(RSCA),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)to compare the differences of mental resilience,depression and anxiety between college students with and without left-behind experience and analyze the relationship between mental resilience and negative emotions.Results The total score and factor scores of negative emotion tolerance,accepting changes and control of CD-RISC,the total score and factor scores of focusing,positive cognition,family support and interpersonal assist of RSCA in college students without left-behind experience were significantly higher than those in college students with left-behind experience(P<0.05).The total scores of SDS and SAS in college students without left-behind experience were significantly lower than those in college students with left-behind experience(P<0.05).The total score and factor scores of negative emotion tolerance and accepting changes of CD-RISC,the total score and factor scores of focusing and family support of RSCA in female college students with left-behind experience were significantly lower than those in female college students without left-behind experience(P<0.05).The total score of SDS in female college students with left-behind experience was significantly higher than that in female college students without left-behind experience(P<0.05).The total score and factor scores of focusing and interpersonal assist of RSCA in male college students with left-behind experience were significantly lower than those in male college students without left-behind experience(P<0.05).The total score of SDS in male college students with left-behind experience was significantly higher than that in male college students without left-behind experience(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the total scores and all factor scores of CD-RISC,RSCA were negatively correlated with the total scores of SDS,SAS(P<0.01).Conclusion The left-behind experience will lead to a lower level of mental resilience and a higher level of negative emotions such as depression and anxiety among college students.There exists significant negative correlation between mental resilience and negative emotion.