麻黄杏仁不同配伍比例止咳平喘的效果研究

Study on antitussive and antiasthmatic effects of different compatibility ratio of ephedra and almond

目的研究麻黄与杏仁不同配伍比例止咳平喘的效果及可能的机制。方法选取80只健康ICR小鼠作为实验动物,采用随机数字表法将其分为A、B、C、D组和A1、B1、C1及D1四组,每组10只。按1∶1、1∶2、1∶3及2∶1比例配伍麻黄和杏仁,分别对A、B、C、D四组和A1、B1、C1及D1四组进行干预。采用浓氨水刺激法和卵清蛋白刺激法诱导咳嗽和哮喘。比较各组咳嗽、喘息的潜伏期及次数,比较干预后降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)、白介素-4(IL-4)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平。结果D组小鼠潜伏期显著长于A、B、C组,咳嗽次数显著少于A、B、C组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。D1组喘息潜伏期显著长于A1、B1及C1组,喘息次数显著少于A1、B1及C1组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,D组小鼠CGRP、IL-4及TNF-α水平显著低于A、B、C组(P<0.05);D1组CGRP、IL-4和TNF-α水平显著低于A1、B1及C1组(P<0.05)。结论以2∶1比例配伍麻黄和杏仁止咳平喘效果优于其他配伍,这可能与其可降低CGRP水平,减少炎性因子分泌有关。

Objective To study the antitussive and antiasthmatic effects of different compatibility ratio of ephedra and almond and the possible mechanisms.Methods A total of 80 healthy ICR mice were selected as the experimental animals.The mices were randomly divided into:A,B,C,D group and A1,B1,C1 and D1 group,with 10 mices in each group.Ephedra and almond were mixed in proportion of 1:1,1:2,1:3 and 2:1,and those were used to intervence in the group A,B,C,D,A1,B1,C1 and D1.Cough and asthma were induced by concentrated ammonia water stimulation and ovalbumin stimulation.The latency and frequency of cough and wheeze were compared among groups,and the levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),interleukin-4(IL-4)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were compared after intervention.Results The latency of mice in the group D was significantly longer than that in the group A,B and C,and the number of coughs was significantly less than that in the group A,B and C(P<0.05).The latency of wheezing in the group D1 was significantly longer than that in the group A1,B1 and C1,and the number of wheezing was significantly less than that in the group A1,B1 and C1(P<0.05).After intervention,the levels of CGRP,IL-4 and TNF-αin the group D were significantly lower than those in the group A,B and C(P<0.05);the levels of CGRP,IL-4 and TNF-αin the group D1 were significantly lower than those in the group A1,B1 and C1(P<0.05).Conclusion The antitussive and antiasthmatic effects of ephedra and almond compatible in 2∶1 ratio were better than those of other compatibilities,which may be related to the decrease of CGRP level and the secretion of inflammatory factors.