生姜精油的提取及GC-MS分析

Extraction and GC-MS Analysis of Ginger Essential Oil

本研究以生姜为原料,以生姜精油得率为评价指标,通过单因素和响应面试验确定了最佳提取条件,最后通过气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对提取得到的生姜精油进行分析鉴定。结果表明,粉碎粒径、液料比和蒸馏时间可明显影响生姜精油的得率,水蒸气蒸馏法提取生姜精油的最佳条件为:粉碎粒径160目,液料比19∶1(mL/g),蒸馏时间118min,此条件下生姜精油的得率为2.09%±0.01%。通过GC-MS对生姜精油进行分析,共鉴定出56种化合物,其中烯类物质39种,醇类10种,醛类3种,酯类2种,烷烃类1种,酮类1种,其主要成分为α-姜烯、β-倍半水芹烯、β-红没药烯、α-法尼烯、α-姜黄烯。

In this study ginger was used as the raw material.The optimum extraction conditions of gingers essential oil were obtained via single factor experiments and response surface optimization experiment.Finally,the extracted ginger essential oil was analyzed and identified by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry ( GC- MS).The results showed that the size of raw material particle,feed liquid ratio and extraction time could significantly affect the extraction rate of ginger essential oil,the optimum conditions of ginger essential oil were as follows:The materials granularity was 160 mesh,the feed liquid ratio was 19∶ 1 ( mL/g),the extraction time was 118 min.The extraction rate of ginger essential oil was 2.09%± 0.01% under the optimum conditions.A total of 56 compounds were identified by GC - MS.Among them,there were 39 kinds of olefinic compounds,10 kinds of alcohols,3 kinds of aldehydes,2 kinds of esters,1 kinds of alkanes and 1 kind of ketone.The main components of ginger oil were α-zingiberene,β-sesquiphellandrene,β-bisabolene,α-farnesene,α-benzene.