FDI与中国能源利用效率:政府扮演着怎样的角色?

FDI and China’s Energy Using Efficiency: The Role of Government

文章以政府为切入点,利用1998~2016年中国省际面板数据与动态面板的共同相关估计(DCCE)模型,研究了全球化进程中FDI的流入在政府效率与环境规制的作用下对中国地方能源利用效率的影响。研究发现,全球化背景下,FDI的进入可以通过技术溢出等效应降低地方的能源强度从而改善能源效率,中西部地区的能源效率在FDI的作用下有向东部地区收敛的趋势。此外,为了验证政府在能源问题当中所扮演的角色及发挥作用的机制,文章将政府效率与环境规制强度纳入到模型中进行检验,检验结果表明,一方面,政府执政效率与环境规制强度的提高同样可以起到改善能源利用效率的作用,另一方面,在提高能源利用效率的问题上政府与FDI之间表现出一定程度的替代效应。由此可知,强化政府在市场中的作用,提高其配置资源的水平与效率,将是解决中国能源问题的重要一环。

This study use the group-mean dynamic common correlated estimator( DCCE) regression model to investigate the effect of inward foreign direct investment( FDI) on China’s energy efficiency under the governmental efficiency and environmental regulation by employing data from a panel of 30 provinces covering the periods 1998 ~ 2016. Our evidence suggests that,under the background of globalization,the inward FDI can significantly reduce China’s energy intensity by enhancing energy efficiency. And FDI can also promote the convergence of energy efficiency in the central and western regions to the eastern region. The result of mechanism test indicates that the level of government efficiency and environmental regulation also show a positive relations with energy efficiency,and further,there exists a substitute effect that the influence of FDI on energy efficiency will be reduced as the increases in the level of government’s efficiency and environmental regulation. This means,improving government’s function in the market could be an effective way in solving China’s energy problem.