基于POI的城市休闲空间格局分析——以乌鲁木齐市为例

Urban recreation space pattern based on POI data:A case of Urumqi City

基于百度POI数据,运用Ripley’s K函数、最近邻层次聚类、空间自相关等方法,对乌鲁木齐市公共休闲设施空间布局进行研究,总结城市休闲空间的格局特征,进而探讨休闲空间的影响因素。结果表明:(1)乌鲁木齐休闲设施空间分布表现出明显的向心集聚性。(2)各类休闲设施热点区分布表现出不同的集聚倾向,娱乐类、购物类、健身类三类休闲设施热点区主要布局在主城区以内重要交通枢纽和商业中心附近,餐饮类休闲设施热点区表现出明显的人口导向特征,旅游类休闲设施热点区均分布在热门旅游景区附近,文化类休闲设施热点区分布于科教文化基地或多民族混居区。(3)乌鲁木齐市休闲空间格局为"圈层+扇形+组团"模式,核心为面状综合型休闲中心,外围为扇形的休闲设施稀少区、组团式多功能休闲区和组团式餐饮休闲区,最外围是休闲设施极少的郊区和组团式旅游休闲区。(4)乌鲁木齐休闲空间与人口空间分布存在较强的空间正相关关系。

Urban recreation space is an important organic part of a city,and its development is a reflection of not only the urban socio-economic culture,but also the evolution of urban spatial structure.Based on Baidu POI data,using Ripley’s K function,spatial autocorrelation,and the nearest neighbor hierarchical clustering analysis methods,this paper studied the spatial characteristics of public recreational facilities in Urumqi City,Xinjiang,China,summarized the patterns of urban recreation space,and explored the influencing factors of urban recreation space.The results show as follows:(1) The spatial distribution of the leisure facilities in Urumqi shows a marked centrality and agglomeration.(2) The hot spots of the six kinds of recreational facilities show different tendency of agglomeration.The entertainment facilities,shopping facilities and sport facilities tend to cluster near important transport hubs and commercial centers.The hotspots of catering facilities show obvious population orientation.The hot spots of tourism facilities are all located near hot scenic spots.The hot spots of cultural facilities are located in the mixed ethnic areas.(3) The recreation space pattern in Urumqi is displaying a "layer+ sector + group" mode.The city center is the planar comprehensive leisure center,and the periphery of the city center is the fan-shaped leisure facilities area with low density,grouped multi-functional leisure area and grouped catering leisure area.The suburbs have few leisure facilities but are grouped tourism leisure areas.(4) It is proved that the recreation space of Urumqi is positively correlated with the spatial distribution of population.