关系本体论与所与-所识二肢认知——广松涉《存在与意义》解读

The Relational Ontology and the Two-limb Cognition of What-given and What-recognized——An Interpretation of Hiromatu Wataru’s Being and Meaning

在存在论和认识论上,现代思想史有一个从实体主义物象论向关系主义事的世界观的根本性转换。康德、马赫、胡塞尔和海德格尔都是将人们日常经验中的物象错误归基到以关系为第一性的事的世界观,当代自然科学方法论,特别是爱因斯坦相对论和量子力学的科学进展也进一步确证了这种关系存在论。由此,传统认识论中的"主体与客体"二元构架,就被"显相的所与和意义的所识""能知的何人与能识的某人"之四肢构造的认知模式所取代。这种新的认识论观念恰恰离我们东方式的整合体知论更近一些。

In the ontology and epistemology, there is a fundamental transformation from the substantialist reification to the relationalist worldview of things in the history of modern thought. Kant, Mach, Husserl and Heidegger mistakenly attributed the reification in the daily experiences to the worldview of things which regards the relationship as the first. And the methodology of contemporary natural science, especially Einstein’s theory of relativity and the scientific advances of quantum mechanics have further confirmed this relational ontology. Thus, the dualistic structure of "subject-object" in traditional epistemology is replaced by the cognitive model of the four-limb structure of "what-given of appearance and what-recognized of meaning" and "learnable-who and recognizable-someone". This new epistemological conception is more closer to our orientalist theory of integrated bodied knowing.