流通产业市场治理结构的理论分析

Theoretical Analysis of Circulation Industry Market Governance Structure

产业运行的市场治理主要是指交易过程中以契约、成本和价格等为核心的市场调节,属于基础经济理论层级上的治理结构;当市场治理面临竞争和垄断时,它在一定程度上也包括政府产业规制;当我们将流通领域作为一个独立产业部门对待时,政府较少对流通产业进行规制以及流通产业竞争充分的事实,使大部分经济学家倾向于认为流通产业的市场治理可以不包括政府产业规制。据此,需要研究的问题是:流通产业的市场治理通常呈现何种格局,与第一和第二产业比较,流通产业市场治理结构在什么样的条件下发生变动,这些变动要不要包括政府产业规制,这些变动以什么样的形式与竞争和垄断相联系,等等。因此,有必要研究和探讨流通产业市场治理的特定图景,流通领域的契约类型、契约联结方式以及契约执行等市场性制度安排,政府产业规制和厂商行为对市场治理结构变动的影响,流通产业市场治理及其结构变动究竟需不需要政府产业规制等问题。在此基础上,可望对流通产业市场治理结构展开一般性描述。

The market governance of industry operation mainly refers to the market readjustment which takes the contract, cost and price that engender in the transaction process as its core. It is bracketed to the governance structure of the basic economic theory. When the market governance faces competition and monopoly, it also to some extent includes government industry regulation. When we treat the circulation as an independent industrial sector, the fact that the government has less regulation and the competition of the circulation industry is sufficient, makes most economists tend to think that the market governance of the circulation industry may not include industry regulation of the government. Based on this, we need to explore what kind of pattern does the market governance of the circulation industry usually show?Compared with the first and second industries, under what conditions does the market structure of the circulation industry change? On the basis of summarizing the relevant theoretical literatures, this paper describes the specific picture of the market governance of the circulation industry, focusing on different market arrangements in the circulation field, namely the types of contracts, the way in which those contracts are linked and contract execution. We analyze the impact of government’s industrial regulation and manufacturers’ behavior on the changes of the market governance structure. We also discuss whether the market governance of the circulation industry and its structural changes need government regulation. This paper attempts to make a general description of the market structure of the circulation industry.