上游风力机倾斜尾流对下游风力机气动特性的影响

Influence of Deflected Wake of Upstream Wind Turbine on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Downstream Wind Turbine

为了研究上游风力机倾斜尾流对下游风力机气动特性的影响,基于Open FOAM开源软件,使用大涡模拟和致动线相结合的数值方法。通过改变上游风力机偏航角,使其尾流发生倾斜,对2台风力机的总功率输出和下游风力机的气动特性进行研究。研究表明:随着上游风力机偏航角的增大,2台风力机的总功率先增大后减小。当偏航角为30°时,2台风力机总输出功率最大,相比上游风力机未偏航时总功率提高了23.6%;下游风力机风轮气动载荷的平均值增大,振幅先增大后减小,并且气动载荷的变化与风轮的3倍转频相关;风轮叶片不同截面处的轴向力和切向力先增大后保持不变,力的最大值对应的方位角区间在逐渐增大,最小值对应的方位角区间在逐渐减小。此结果可为探究提高风力机功率输出的方法和复杂入流条件下风力机气动特性的研究提供参考。

In order to study the influence of deflected wake of upstream wind turbine on aerodynamic characteristics of downstream wind turbine, large-eddy simulation was coupled with an actuator line technique based on Open FOAM open-source toolbox as numerical method. Influence of the deflected wake on the aerodynamic characteristics of the downstream wind turbine and the total power output of the wind field were studied by changing the yaw angle of the upstream wind turbine to deflect wake. The study found that as the yaw angle of the upstream wind turbine increases, the total power of the wind farm first increases and then decreases,when the yaw angle of the upstream wind turbine is 30°, the output power of the wind farm is the largest, compared with situation of upstream wind turbine is not yawing, the total power increase by 23.6%. The average value of the aerodynamic load of the downstream rotor increases, the amplitude first increases and then decreases, and the change of the aerodynamic load is related to the 3 times rotation frequency of the rotor;The axial force and tangential force at different sections of the wind turbine blade increase first and remain unchanged. The corresponding azimuth interval of the maximum value of the force is gradually increasing, and the corresponding azimuth interval of the minimum value is gradually decreasing.The results can provide a reference exploring ways to improve the power output of wind turbines and the study of the aerodynamic characteristics of wind turbines under complex inflow conditions.