供给侧改革下我国服务贸易出口结构优化研究

Study on the Structure Optimization of China’s Export of Services under Supply Side Structural Reform

在供给侧改革背景下,服务贸易结构的优化已经成为我国供给侧结构性改革的重要抓手。本文采用劳伦斯指数、结构优化指数和服务贸易结构相对指数等分析了我国服务贸易出口结构的变动及其优化状况,结果显示:2005-2017年我国现代服务部门中建筑、知识产权使用费和其他商业服务等表现出了明显的优化趋势,但是优化程度仍较低。主要原因在于,目前我国仍以传统服务贸易出口为主,知识含量过低,服务业基础设施总体较落后,人力资本相对匮乏,专利成果转化率不高等,使得我国要素规模虽在不断增长,但是并未显著地促进我国服务贸易出口结构的优化。

Under supply side reform,the optimization and upgrading of service trade structure has become an important hand in supply-side structural reform. The change and optimization of export structure of service were analyzed by using Lawrence index, beneficiary index and comparative index of service trade structure.The results show that there are optimization trends in modern service sectors, such as construction, charges for the use of intellectual property and other business services, but the degree of optimization is still low.The main reason is that our country is still mainly exporting traditional services with low knowledge content,meanwhile relatively backward infrastructure, even relatively scarce human capital and low conversion rate of patent results, which hardly makes it promote the export structure of service trade optimization, even if the scale of our factors is growing.