油酸合成酸性磷酸酯胺盐及其摩擦性能研究

Synthesis of acid phosphate amine salt from oleic acid and its tribological properties

油酸经氨化、加氢合成油胺,进而与P2O5、异癸醇合成的酸性磷酸酯进行反应以合成酸性磷酸酯胺盐。对酸性磷酸酯胺盐的合成条件进行了优化,并对其结构和性能进行了表征和测试。结果表明,酸性磷酸酯胺盐的最佳合成条件为:n(P2O5)∶n(异癸醇)∶n(油胺)=1∶3∶0. 9,总反应时间12. 5 h。在最佳合成条件下,产物的pH在5. 5左右,收率可达92. 76%。通过红外、核磁和VPO相对分子质量表征,确定产物为目标产物。通过四球实验、抗腐蚀性测试及油溶性的考察表明,合成的酸性磷酸酯胺盐不仅有良好的油溶性、抗腐蚀性,且在极压抗磨性上有很大的提高,在加剂量2. 0%时效果最佳。

Oleylamine were synthesized by ammoniation and hydrogenation with oleic acid,and then reacted with acidic phosphate prepared with P2O5 and isodecyl alcohol to synthesize acid phosphate amine salt. The synthesis conditions of acid phosphate amine salt were optimized,and its structure and properties were characterized and analyzed. The optimal synthesis conditions were determined as follows:n (P2O5)∶ n (isodesyl alcohol)∶ n (oleylamine)= 1∶ 3∶ 0. 9,total reaction time 12. 5 h. Under these conditions,the yield and pH of the product were 92. 76% and 5. 5,respectively. The product was identified as the target product by IR,NMR and VPO relative molecular weight. The results of four-ball test,corrosion resistance test and oil-solubility test showed that the acid phosphate amine salt not only had good oil-solubility and corrosion resistance,but also greatly improved the extreme pressure and antiwear properties. The best effect was obtained when the additive dosage was 2. 0%.