宗教信仰制约下的艺术想象——《搜神记》小说品格的反思

Artistic Imagination under the Constraints of Religious:Reflection on the Fictional Characteristics in Soushenji

作为中国早期志怪小说的代表作,《搜神记》的小说品格具有标志性意义,我们对其小说品格的认识,关系到对中国古代小说源头的判定,关系到对古代小说特点及其变迁的把握。作者"明神道之不诬"的主张,特指其中部分作品,而这一主张的实现,则有赖于社会现实的支撑。其中的虚构和夸饰既来自传说本身,也包括干宝在记述时有意无意的加入,这为小说的虚构开启了艺术思维之门。《搜神记》从不同方面体现了奇幻思维发育初期的艺术趣味与水平,并昭示了进一步发育成长的可能性。同时,它的小说品格还可以从它以不同形式融入后世小说中的情况来审视。

As a masterpiece of early zhiguai tales,the fictional characteristics in Soushenji represent a landmark in Chinese literary history.The author’s claim that,"(this collection of tales are composed in order to)clarify that supernatural being is not fabricated",refers to some tales in this collection.The realization of this claim depends on the support of social reality.Its fictional and exaggerated elements stem not only from these tales themselves,but also from the intentional and unintentional creations Gan bao makes in his accounts,which facilitates artistic thinking and the fictionality in these works.Soushenji reflects the artistic taste and level of early development in the genre of fantasy,and aids the possibility of its further development and growth.At the same time,the characteristics of this fictional work can also be examined through the later fictional works that it has,in various forms,been integrated into.