本土经营与国际传播:伊朗电影产业发展沿革及现状

Domestic Management and International Communication:The Evolution and Current Situation of the Iranian Film Industry

伊朗的现代化进程、国家意志和本土艺术思潮共同催化了伊朗电影产业。虽然受到西方国家制裁和特殊宗法制度的影响,但多种电影放映渠道的合法化使伊朗观众能够及时享受到各国电影资源。然而伊朗电影审查制度的严格、外片引入机制的缺乏以及伊朗国内院线分布不均等现状限制了本土放映业的进一步发展。伊朗商业片的类型开发,艺术电影的跨国合作离不开国际电影节的助力。伊朗电影的国际传播得益于民间自发的创作潮流,同时又是国家有意扶持的结果。

The modernization process,national support and domestic art movement have catalyzed the Iranian film industry.Despite being affected by the circumstance of being sanctioned and Islamic patriarchal system,the legalization of multiple channels for film screening allows Iranian spectators to enjoy the film resources from various countries in time.However,the strictness of film censorship system,the problems of the distribution of foreign movies and the unbalanced construction of domestic theaters in Iran have compromised the progress of Iranian film screening industry.The genre exploitation of commercial films,and the international cooperation of art films in Iran is closely related to film festivals overseas.The international communication of Iranian cinema benefits from the spontaneous creative trends of Iranian filmmakers,which is also the consequence of the support from the country.