景德镇“渣胎碗”源流考

On the Origin of Jingdezhen “Rough-body Bowl”

景德镇民窑青花里有一类名为"渣胎碗"的器物流行至今,由于其产量大、延续时间久、销售范围广、风格明显、纹饰抽象难以辨认,故而人们对其有着不同的解读。本文通过梳理相关文献及实物,认为其名称来自景德镇的"捡渣"与"灰可器"业,样式则起源于明代早期的葵花瓣开光内绘折枝花卉纹,清代雍乾时期该纹样被大量应用于民窑。嘉庆以后,基于市场的需求和其它窑口的竞争,画工逐不断简化纹饰,从而形成难以辨识的面貌。

A variety of blue and white ware called "rough-body bowl" made in Jingdezhen folk kilns is still popular today.Since it has been produced in large quantity for a long time and sold in many places, and it has distinctive style and abstract motifs, people have different interpretation towards it. Through the study of relevant literature and bowls, the paper concludes its name originates from the refuse recycling industry and the production of Huike ware in Jingdezhen, and its motif can be traced back to the pattern of floral spray painted in flower–framed panels in the early Ming dynasty, which was widely applied in the folk kilns during the Yongzheng and Qianlong reign in the Qing dynasty. After the Jiaqing period, craftsmen gradually simplified the motif to be unrecognizable due to the market demand and the competition among kilns.