热镀锌渣综合回收锌的工艺研究进展及新工艺

New techologies and research progress on zinc recovery from HDG residue

热镀锌生产过程产出大量的热镀锌渣,如何有效回收利用热镀锌渣已成为热镀锌厂节能减排和发展循环经济的重要方向之一。综述了热镀锌渣回收锌的火法工艺和湿法工艺,阐述了热镀锌渣处理技术中的蒸馏法、真空蒸馏法、熔析熔炼法、浸出—电解法的工艺原理、工艺特点、研究进展、应用现状以及所得锌产品的特点。在此基础上,开展了新型动态蒸发—高效冷凝技术处理热镀锌渣工艺的研究,指出应针对热镀锌渣物理化学特性、市场需求与企业的优势选择合适的工艺技术,以获得更好的技术经济指标和社会效益。

Large amounts of hot-dip galvanizing (HDG) residues were produced during the production of HDG. Therefore, effectively utilization of the HDG residues has become one of the most important directions for a HDG factory to save energy and reduce emission. Pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy processes of recovering zinc from HDG residue were summarized in the paper. Process principles, research progress and characteristics of zinc products of distillation, vacuum distillation, melting smelting, leaching and electrolytic technologies, were expounded. Based on the progress study, the new dynamic evaporation efficient condensation technology for treatment of HDG residues was investigated. It is pointed out that the suitable process should be selected according to the physical and chemical properties of the HDG residue, market demand and the factory's advantage for the sake of obtaining better technical economic index and social benefits.