渔业资源调查采样设计优化研究进展

A review of optimization of sampling design for fishery-independent surveys

渔业资源调查是指利用一定的采样设计,对渔业种群进行空间布点采样,以获取研究区域内鱼类时空分布以及生物学和生态学信息。但是大量的研究表明,不同的鱼类分布适合不同的采样设计,需要根据鱼类的分布特点和调查目标(种群丰度等)优化采样设计,保证数据的准确性和精度。近年来,相关的研究有很多,涉及不同采样设计的比较和应用以及影响数据质量因素的探究。作者着重介绍了定点采样、传统方法、适应性方法和基于地理统计学方法,叙述了计算机模拟及重采样技术在采样设计优化中的应用以及相对偏差、相对估计误差、设计效果和变异系数等评价采样设计性能的指标,同时对采样设计中需要注意的问题进行介绍,最后进行了总结并对未来的研究工作进行展望。

Fishery-independent surveys involve sampling in certain areas according to study designs based on statistical principles for collecting high-quality abundance details and biological and ecological data at species and community levels. A large number of studies have demonstrated that different distribution patterns of fishes are suitable for different sampling designs. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the sampling design according to the distribution characteristics of fishes and the objective (such as population abundance). Several related studies have been recently conducted on the comparison of different sampling designs and their applications, as well as on the exploration of factors affecting data quality. In this paper, we introduce the stationary sampling method, the traditional sampling method, the adaptive sampling method, and the geostatistical sampling method. We then describe the application of computer simulation of sampling in the optimization of sampling designs. In addition, we introduce the indicators of performance for sampling designs, such as relative bias, relative estimation error, design effect, and coefficient of variation. Finally, we provide a discussion regarding the problems associated with sampling designs and present the prospects of their future development.