结直肠癌患者KRAS、NRAS、BRAF基因突变与临床病理特征关系的研究

Study on relationship between mutations of KRAS,NRAS,and BRAF gene and clinicopathological features in colorectal cancer patients

目的探讨在结直肠癌中KRAS、NRAS和BRAF基因突变的状态与病理学因素之间的关系。方法采用RT-PCR的方法检测389例结直肠癌患者的KRAS、NRAS和BRAF基因突变情况,并用统计学方法分析与临床病理学因素之间的关系。结果 KRAS总突变率为42.4%,该基因在直肠的突变率显著高于结肠。NRAS和BRAF基因的突变率分别为4.6%和4.1%,这两个基因的突变状态与临床病理学关系不大。结论 KRAS、NRAS和BRAF基因属于相互联系的通路,一个发生突变将制约另外两个基因的发生改变,检测结直肠癌中KRAS、NRAS和BRAF基因的突变状态能够更好地指导个体化治疗。

Objective To investigate the relationship between the mutation of KRAS,NRAS and BRAF gene and clinicopathological parameters in patients with colorectal carcinoma. Methods By using TagMan real-time PCR method 389 colorectal patients for mutations in KRAS,NRAS and BRAF genes were screened;and the associations between KRAS,NRAS,BRAF gene's mutation status and clinical pathological characteristics were analysed. Results The KRAS gene's total mutation rate was 42.4%,and its mutation rate in rectum was significantly higher than in colon. The mutation rates of NRAS and BRAF genes were 4.6% and 4.1%,respectively. The mutation status of the two genes had little relationship with clinical pathological characteristics. Conclusion The KRAS,NRAS and BRAF genes belong to an interrelated pathway;any one mutation will restrict the alteration of other two genes. Detection of the mutation status of KRAS,NRAS and BRAF genes in colorectal cancer patients can better guide individualized treatment.