精细化护理在先天性心脏病患儿围术期中的应用

Application of Delicacy Nursing in Perioperative Care of Children with Congenital Heart Disease

目的:探讨精细化护理在先天性心脏病(CHD)患儿围术期中的应用方法和效果。方法:将心胸外科门诊收治的250例CHD患儿按照随机数表法分为观察组和对照组各125例,对照组给予CHD围术期常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施精细化护理干预,比较两组患儿特殊病人疼痛评估量表(FLACC)评分、平均住院时间、拒食次数、哭闹次数、儿童生存质量测定量表PedsQL3.0心脏病模块评分、并发症发生情况。结果:观察组FLACC评分低于对照组,平均住院时间、拒食次数、哭闹次数较对照组缩短( P <0.05);观察组心脏问题及症状、治疗焦虑、躯体自我形象、认知和交流等PedsQOLTM3.0评分均较对照组升高( P <0.05);观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组( P <0.05)。结论:精细化护理在加快CHD患儿术后恢复、提高生存质量、减少并发症方面有着良好的效果。

Objective:To explore the application method and effect of delicacy nursing in perioperative care of children with congenital heart disease(CHD).Methods:According to the random number table method,250 cases of CHD admitted in cardiothoracic surgery clinic were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 125 cases each.The control group was given CHD perioperative routine nursing care,and the observation group was given delicacy nursing intervention on the basis of control group.The FLACC score,the average length of hospital stay,number of refused times,number of crying,heart module score of PedsQL3.0 and complications were compared between the two groups.Results:The FLACC score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the average length of stay,times of food rejection and times of crying were shorter than those in the control group( P <0.05).PedsQOLTM 3.0 scores of heart problems and symptoms,treatment anxiety,body self-image,cognition and communication all increased in the observation group compared with the control group( P <0.05).The total incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group( P <0.05).Conclusion:Delicacy nursing has a good effect on accelerating postoperative recovery,improving quality of life and reducing complications of CHD children.