刘大水库总磷污染特征分析与控制

Analysis and control of total phosphorus pollution in Liuda reservoir

刘大水库库区于2015年8—12月出现总磷指标季节性异常波动和严重超标,接近暴发大面积蓝藻水华的边缘。据此突发现象,本文全面分析了近年刘大水库特征污染物水质指标变化情况,客观评价了富营养化指数发展趋势,评定了入库支流外源污染和底泥内源污染贡献,判断出入库支流外源污染是此次总磷异常波动的主因,库区底泥释磷促进现象形成。对此类存在季节性浅水层的库区,如何避免营养物指标季节性突增、防范富营养化危险提出了工程建设措施和管理对策,研究成果可为类似库区防范此类风险提供借鉴。

From August to December 2015, the total phosphorus index in the Liuda Reservoir area showed that seasonal abnormal fluctuation and seriously exceeded the standard, approaching the edge of the outbreak of large-scale cyanobacteria bloom. According to this sudden phenomenon, this paper comprehensively analyzes the changes of water quality index of characteristic pollutants in Liuda Reservoir in recent years, objectively evaluates the development trend of eutrophication index, realistically evaluates the contribution of exogenous pollution and endogenous pollution of sediment in the inflow tributary, and judges that the exogenous pollution in the inflow tributary is the main reason for the abnormal fluctuation of total phosphorus, and the release of phosphorus from sediment in the reservoir area promotes the formation of the phenomenon. For the reservoir area with seasonal shallow water layer caused by the shortage of water supply for such water resources, the engineering construction measures and management countermeasures are put forward on how to avoid the seasonal sudden increase of nutrient index and prevent the risk of eutrophication. The research results can provide reference for similar reservoir areas to prevent such risks.