两个水文站区间河段洪水计算方法的探讨

Discussion on calculation method of flood in interval river sections of two hydrological stations

洪水是工程设计的重要内容,通常情况下,同一流域上下游水文站的洪水参数相差不大,流域内的工程常选用某一个水文站洪水成果按照水文比拟法进行洪水计算。但流域内若有岩溶、伏流等造成地形地质条件复杂时,上下游水文站洪水易产生统计参数悬殊的情况,此时不宜简单采用单站成果进行洪水比拟计算。以三岔河向阳、阳长水文站为例,通过两水文站洪水成果,建立两水文站之间的洪水幂相关关系,分析得到各频率洪水的面积比指数n及常数C,计算成果与上下游水文站更协调,为两水文站区间断面洪水计算提供新的途径。

The flooding is an important part of the engineering design. Under normal circumstances, the flood parameters of the upstream and downstream hydrological stations in the same basin are not much different. The projects in the basin often use the flood results of a hydrological station to calculate the flood according to the hydrological comparison method. However, if there are karst and volcanic flow in the basin, the topographical and geological conditions are complicated. The floods in the upstream and downstream hydrological stations are prone to statistical disparity. At this time, it is not appropriate to simply use the single station results for flood comparison calculation. Taking the Sanyanghe Xiangyang and Yangchang hydrological stations as examples, the flood power correlation between the two hydrological stations was established through the flood results of the two hydrological stations, and the area ratio index n and constant C of each frequency flood were analyzed. The downstream hydrological stations are more coordinated, providing a new way for the cross-section flood calculation of the two hydrological stations.