高校惩戒学生权力的司法审查界限——基于百份二审判例的实证分析

The Boundaries of Judicial Power in Administrative Litigation Relating to Universities’ Educational Punishment: An Empirical Study on One Hundred Second Instance Cases

本文通过对一百例学生诉高校的二审案例进行实证分析,论述了司法权对高校教育惩戒权的审查界限。本文认为:第一,在横向审查上,司法权只应当对学生因违纪而丧失学生身份或者无法取得学位证书的事项进行审查;第二,在纵向审查上,司法权仅限于对事实和学校处罚决定的合法性进行审查,不应当对学校处罚的合理性作审查;第三,学校章程和校规是学校自主管理和学术自治的体现,司法权无权作附带性审查。在未来的司法实践中,应当通过上述原则来实现维护学术自治和保障学生权利之间的平衡。

Based on one hundred second instance cases of students suing universities, this paper discusses the boundaries of judicial power in administrative litigation relating to the educational punishment power of universities. This article holds that: firstly, in terms of the scope of judicial review, judicial authorities should only hear cases in which students couldn’t graduate or obtain a degree certificate because of violation of discipline;secondly, in terms of the intensity of judicial review, judicial authorities should only review the facts and legality of the punishment made by universities rather than the rationality of the punishment;thirdly, judicial authorities don’t have the right to review universities’ charters and regulations due to academic autonomy. In the future judicial practice, the above -mentioned principles should be adopted to achieve the balance between safeguarding academic autonomy and guaranteeing students’ rights.