短期噪声暴露对作业人员心率的影响

Effects of Short-term Noise Exposure on Heart Rate of Workers

综采工作面噪声污染严重,为了减少噪声污染对作业人员的身心健康和作业安全的不利影响,运用人因工程学、生理学、实验心理学和行为学的相关知识,利用24h动态心电图仪器进行试验研究,定量分析不同噪声水平和噪声暴露时间对作业人员心率的影响。结果表明:①噪声刺激会造成人心率升高;②噪声刺激水平和暴露时间大小都对被试者的心率产生了显著性影响;作业人员心率与噪声刺激的水平和暴露时间大小都有相关关系;③由于人耳对噪声的适应性,在同一噪声水平刺激下,随着暴露时间的延长,心率会有短暂恢复;④在噪声水平<95dB的噪声刺激下,随着暴露时间的增加,人对噪声的适应性比较明显,此时的噪声暴露时间是影响人心率的主导因素,且在噪声暴露40~50min时,由于人耳对噪声的适应性会出现短暂的心率恢复的现象,人体出现疲劳;⑤在噪声水平>95dB的噪声刺激下,随着暴露时间的增加,人对噪声无明显适应性,心率随着噪声分贝的增大在缓慢上升,此时的噪声水平是影响人的心率变化的主导因素。

As we all know, noise pollution is particularly serious in fully mechanized mining face. In order to reduce the adverse effects of noise pollution on physical and mental health of workers and work safety, this paper applies the knowledge of ergonomics, physiology, experimental psychology and behavioral science to quantitatively analyzed the effects of different noise levels and noise exposure time on heart rate of workers by 24 hours ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) instrument. The results show that,① noise stimulation will cause the heart rate to increase;② the level of noise stimulation and the exposure time have a significant effect on the heart rate of the subjects, and the heart rate of workers is correlated with the level of noise stimulation and exposure time;③ because of the adaptability of human ear to noise, under the same noise level, the heart rate will have a short recovery with the extension of exposure time;④ under the noise stimulation of noise level < 95 dB, with the increase of exposure time, the adaptability of human to noise is obvious, the noise exposure time is the dominant factor affecting human heart rate, and when 40 -50min is exposed to noise, due to the adaptation of human ear to noise, the phenomenon of short heart rate recovery will occur, and the human body will appear fatigue;⑤ under the noise stimulation of noise level > 95 dB, with the increase of exposure time, people have noobvious adaptability to noise, the heart rate increases slowly with the increase of noise decibels and the noise level is the main factor that affects the change of human heart rate.