基于DPM模型的建筑小区内颗粒物扩散研究

Research on Particle Diffusion of Building Zone Based on DPM

近年来,颗粒物污染是影响居民居住环境的关键因素,为了控制颗粒污染物扩散、改善居民生活环境、提高居民生活质量,有必要研究不同风向和不同污染源位置下颗粒物的扩散规律。根据几何参数建立了建筑小区的三维模型,采用FLUENT软件,选用RNG k-ε两方程模型和离散相模型(Discrete Phase Model,DPM)对建筑小区内的气流运动、颗粒物扩散及浓度分布进行数值模拟,给出不同风向、不同污染源位置下人呼吸高度和窗高处的空气流场和颗粒物浓度场。研究显示,结合当地主导风向,合理安排建筑小区布局及车道的走向可以有效减轻建筑小区受污染的程度,从而提高建筑小区风环境质量,改善居民的生活环境。

Particulatematter pollution is a key factor affecting living environment of the residents and it is necessary to master the diffusion regularity under different wind directions and pollution source positions in order to control particulate pollutants diffusion, improve the residents’ living environment and enhance the quality of inhabitants. Three dimensional models of building zone is established according to the geometric parameters of building. The flow, particle diffusion and concentration distribution in the building zoneare numerically simulated by using FLUENT and RNG k-ε equation model and discrete phase model and the air flow field and particle concentration field at the height of human respiration and window are given. This study shows that reasonably arranging the building zone layout and the direction of the lane by combining the local dominant wind direction can effectively reduce the pollution degree in the residential zone, so as to upgrade the air quality of the zone and improve residents’ quality of life.