针对打车软件的分心驾驶研究

Study on Distracted Driving Caused by Taxi-hailing Applications

研究了打车软件信息提醒方式和操作方式对驾驶员驾驶行为的影响。利用模拟驾驶仪生成虚拟驾驶场景,包括跟车、变道以及危机驾驶工况以提供真实可控的试验环境,并通过APP Inventor软件制作试验所用打车软件以保证打车订单的内容与发生时间可控;针对分心事故高发群体招募志愿者,按照试验流程进行试验并记录驾驶员行为、接近速度、最小跟车时距等数据;利用方差分析(ANOVA)和事后检验分析方法(Post Hoc)进行数据分析,并通过可靠度评价模型评价对比各工况下的驾驶安全性。对18名志愿者的驾驶表现数据进行了统计学分析,结果表明:可靠度模型显示提醒方式对可靠度的影响明显,可靠度由高到低是文字提醒、语音提醒、综合提醒,最安全的提醒和操控模式为“文字提醒+声控操作”。

The impacts of the reminding and operating modes of taxi-hailing application on drivers driving behaviors were studied. The virtual driving environment was built on the driving simulator to provide a realistic and controllable test environments, including follow-car, lane change and crisis driving tasks. APP Inventor software was used for making test taxi-hailing application to ensure that the content and timing of taxi orders was controllable. Volunteers from the group with high risk of distraction driving were recruited to carry out tests according to the test procedures. Data were recorded, such as driver s behavior, approach speed, minimum follow-up time and so on. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance(ANOVA) and Post Hoc, and the reliability evaluation model was built to evaluate the degree of driving safety under various conditions. The data of driving performances of 18 volunteers were statistically analyzed. The results show that the exhibition mode has significant influence on the reliability. And the reliability from high to low is: the text exhibition, the audio exhibition, the combined exhibition. The safest exhibition and control mode is text exhibition plus voice control operations.