黄河入海淡水对海洋生态调控响应研究

Response of Fresh Water from Yellow River to Marine Ecological Regulation

2014—2018年调查发现,2014年和2015年春季入海淡水量增加使得黄河口海域鱼卵、仔稚鱼密度得到数倍提升;随着2016年春季入海水量减少,鱼卵、仔稚鱼密度相应减少;2017年春季水量是2016年的2倍多,鱼卵密度回升至2016年的2倍;2018年黄河实施水资源生态调度,春季入海水量增大为2016年的5倍,鱼卵密度增大为2016年的3倍。调查结果表明黄河入海水量与海洋生态环境和资源构成了密切响应关系,黄河入海冲淡水在余流作用下长期向莱州湾汇集,形成了整个黄河口莱州湾低盐产卵场与栖息地环境,由此提出了基于“陆海联动、陆海统筹”的黄河水资源生态调度调控方案。

The survey in 2014-2018 found that the increase of freshwater inflows in the spring of 2014-2015 caused the density of fish eggs and larvae and juveniles in the Yellow River estuary was multiplied correspondingly.However,the decreased water quantity reduced the density of fish eggs and larvae and juveniles in the spring 2016.In the spring of 2017,the water volume was twice as much as that in 2016,and the density of fish eggs immediately doubled.In 2018,the Yellow River implemented ecological regulation,and the water volume in the spring increased by five times compared with that of in 2016,and the density of fish eggs increased by nearly four times.The results show that the water inflow from the Yellow River is closely related to the marine ecological environment and resources.The freshwater from the Yellow River flows into the Laizhou Bay driven by the long term residual current,forming low salty spawning ground and habitat environment there. Therefore,ecological regulation scheme of the Yellow River water resources is proposed,which is based on the “Land-Sea Coordination”.