神木市窟野河流域地下水水化学时空演化特征

Spatial-Temporal Variations of Groundwater Hydrochemical Characteristics in the Kuye River Basin of Shenmu

为研究神木市窟野河流域地下水化学时空演化及其影响因素,运用描述性统计分析、相关性分析、Piper三线图、Gibbs图、离子比值等方法对2011年与2016年神木市窟野河流域地下水数据进行系统分析。结果表明:研究区地下水中主要阳离子为Na^++K^+,主要阴离子为HCO3^-,地下水化学类型以HCO3-Na·Ca、HCO3-Ca·Na、HCO3·Cl-Na·Ca、HCO3·Cl-Ca·Na等为主;地下水主要离子浓度空间分布差异日益明显,特别是农业活动中氮肥的过度施用导致研究区地下水中NO-3浓度空间分布差异极大;地下水主要离子的形成受岩石风化作用、阳离子交替吸附作用与人为因素共同影响,且岩石风化作用为主要控制因素,2016年人为因素的影响大于2011年的,其中工矿业活动影响大于农业活动影响。

In order to study the spatial-temporal evolution of groundwater chemistry and its influencing factors in the Kuye River basin of Shenmu City,descriptive statistical analysis,correlation analysis,Piper,Gibbs,ion ratio and other methods were used to analyze the groundwater data in 2011 and 2016.The results show that a) the main anions and cations in the groundwater of the study area are Na^++K^+ and HCO-3,and the groundwater chemical types are mainly HCO3 -Na·Ca,HCO3 -Ca·Na,HCO3·Cl-Na·Ca and HCO3·Cl-Ca·Na;b) the spatial distribution of main ion concentration is more and more obvious,especially the excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer in agricultural activities lead to a great difference in the spatial distribution of NO3 - concentration in groundwater and;c) the formation of main ions in groundwater is caused by rock weathering,cation exchange and human factors.Rock weathering is the main controlling factor.The influence of human factors in 2016 is stronger than that in 2011,in which the influence of industrial and mining activities is greater than that of agricultural activities.