IgA肾病与系膜增生性肾炎临床特征的比较

Comparison of Clinical Features between IgA Nephropathy and Mesangial Proliferative Nephritis

目的比较IgA肾病与系膜增生性肾炎的临床特征。方法选取2018年1月~2019年3月在我院肾内科就诊的32例IgA肾病患者设为观察1组,将32例系膜增生性肾小球肾炎患者设为观察2组,比较两组患者的年龄、临床表现(水肿、血尿、血压升高)和辅助检查指标(胆固醇、尿蛋白、IgG、IgA)。结果观察1组患者年龄<25岁的比例高于观察2组(56.25%vs37.50%),观察2组患者年龄为45~65岁的比例高于观察1组(34.37%vs12.50%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察1组患者水肿症状的比例低于观察2组(18.75%vs50.00%),血尿、血压升高的比例高于观察2组(43.75%vs21.87%,37.50%vs28.13%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察1组尿蛋白、胆固醇水平低于观察2组,IgG、IgA水平高于观察2组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与系膜增生性肾小球肾炎比较,IgA肾病发病年龄更小,主要表现为血尿和血压升高,系膜增生性肾小球肾炎中年发病较多,主要表现为水肿、高胆固醇,研究结果对临床分辨两种疾病具有一定意义。

Objective To compare the clinical features of IgA nephropathy with mesangial proliferative nephritis.Methods From January 2018 to March 2019,32 patients with IgA nephropathy in our department of nephrology were enrolled in the observation group one.32 patients with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis were observation group two.Comparing the two groups about the patient's age,clinical manifestations(edema,hematuria,elevated blood pressure)and auxiliary examination indicators(cholesterol,urine protein,IgG,IgA).Results The proportion of patients<25 years old in observation group 1 was higher than that in observation group 2(56.25%vs 37.50%).The proportion of patients aged 45-65 years old in observation group 2 was higher than that of observation group 1(34.37%vs 12.50%),the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of edema symptoms in observation group 1 was lower than that in observation group 2(18.75%vs 50.00%).The proportion of hematuria and blood pressure was higher than that of observation group 2(43.75%vs 21.87%,37.50%vs 28.13%),the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The level of urinary protein and cholesterol in observation group 1 was lower than that in observation group 2,and the levels of IgG and IgA were higher than those in observation group 2,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis,the age of onset of IgA nephropathy is smaller,mainly due to elevated hematuria and blood pressure.Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis is more common in middle age,mainly characterized by edema and high cholesterol.The results of the study have certain significance for clinically distinguishing between the two diseases.